Background: Tuberculosis is a important public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Health workers play a crucial role in addressing tuberculosis, but their efforts face various challenges. The study aims to identify the factors that impact tuberculosis prevention, early detection, and treatment among health workers. Methodology: The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design, sampling 338 healthcare workers randomly. Data was collected via a structured questionnaire in Kobo collect, analyzed descriptively with frequencies and percentages, and explored associations using Chi-Square. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of tuberculosis knowledge, early detection, and treatment. Ethical consent was obtained from participants before their involvement. Results: A high percentage (81.1%) of participants had adequate knowledge on TB. Factors influencing early TB detection included awareness of current diagnostic techniques, confidence in sample collection, guidance on infection control, and knowledge of contact tracing (AOR = 7.012, p = 0.048; AOR = 0.147, p = 0.014; AOR = 18.396, p = 0.004; AOR = 0.244, p = 0.045, respectively). Predictors of early TB treatment initiation included counseling capacity, belief in early initiation, confidence in identification, and facilities providing same-day medication (AOR = 21.137, p = 0.001; AOR = 19.607, p = 0.003; AOR = 4.853, p = 0.012; AOR = 6.033, p = 0.039). Conclusion: Many healthcare workers, especially General Nurses, have good knowledge of TB treatment and prevention. Factors like prior experience, personal connections to TB patients, and infection control guidance positively impact early TB detection. Belief in prompt treatment and access to medication are vital. Recommendations include strengthening training programs and increasing public awareness, with a focus on TB education in healthcare worker training.