Employee retention remains a critical challenge for public sector organizations, particularly in developing countries like Ghana. Recognizing the potential of career development initiatives to enhance retention outcomes, this quantitative study investigates the relationship between career development and employee retention within the context of municipal assemblies in Ghana's Volta Region. The study aims to assess the current state of career development practices, examine the impact of career development on retention, and identify the challenges employees face in pursuing professional growth opportunities. A cross-sectional survey design was employed with a representative sample of 179 employees from three selected municipal assemblies who participated in the study. Data were collected using structured surveys and analysed employing descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression, and Kendall's coefficient of concordance. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between career development and employee retention, even after controlling for socio-demographic factors. Employees who perceived their organizations as supportive of their professional growth and advancement reported higher levels of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intentions to stay. However, the study also highlights several challenges hindering effective career development in these assemblies, including insufficient funding, limited advancement opportunities, and lack of supervisory support. The findings underscore the need for municipal assemblies to adopt a strategic, inclusive, and context-specific approach to career development that addresses the diverse needs and aspirations of employees while overcoming structural and systemic barriers. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on human resource management in the public sector, offering valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers and practitioners seeking to enhance employee retention through targeted career development interventions. By investing in the professional growth of their workforce, municipal assemblies can foster a more engaged, committed, and high-performing workforce, ultimately improving the quality and sustainability of public services in Ghana and beyond.