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Assessing Attitudes, Perceptions, and Barriers to Medical Research Among Undergraduate Students at the University of Ghana Medical School
Article Number: SIS796108AI200624
20th June, 2024
Author(s):
Otoo Edward, Antwi Solomon Nana Sasu, Chukwuma Chinaza Adaobi
Abstract:
Medical research is vital for advancing
healthcare, fostering critical thinking, and enhancing scientific
understanding. Despite its importance, medical students often encounter challenges
that hinder their engagement in research activities. This study investigates
the attitudes, perceptions, and barriers to medical research among
undergraduate students at the University of Ghana Medical School (UGMS). A
descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Korle Bu Teaching
Hospital, affiliated with UGMS. The study population included undergraduate
medical students from levels 100 to 600, ensuring a comprehensive understanding
across different stages of medical education. Data were collected using a
self-administered online questionnaire, which included sections on demographic
data, attitudes and perceptions toward research, and barriers to research. A
snowballing technique was employed to recruit participants via social media
platforms. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and Microsoft
Excel, with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests or Fisher exact tests
used to identify significant patterns and associations. The study included 256
participants, with a balanced gender distribution (51.6% female, 48.4% male).
The results revealed that 92.8% of students acknowledged the critical role of
research in the medical field and 84.0% perceived research as beneficial for
their careers. However, 68.8% of students reported inadequate time for research
due to the demanding nature of their curriculum. Additionally, only 15.2% felt
they received adequate training in research methodology, and mentorship
availability was deemed insufficient by 50.4% of respondents. Gender
differences were observed, with female students facing additional challenges balancing
research with other responsibilities. While UGMS students generally have a
positive attitude toward medical research, significant barriers impede their
active participation. Key challenges include time constraints, inadequate
research training, and insufficient mentorship. Addressing these barriers
through curricular reforms, enhanced research training, and robust mentorship
programs is crucial for fostering a research-oriented culture and equipping students
for future academic and clinical careers. Ensuring equitable research
opportunities for all students, particularly addressing gender disparities, is
essential for advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care.