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Microcystins (MCs) released during
cyanobacterial blooms induce immense toxic manifestations in animals and
humans. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorized MC
as a possible carcinogen. Research indicates that aside from the liver, MCs can negatively
impact the intestine. Interestingly, less attention exists with respect to MCs
effects on the intestine in spite of the organ being the focal site of the
toxins’ uptake. Compiling data from in vivo and in vitro studies, the current
review summarized available literature on the impact of MCs on intestinal
health. In addition, the toxins’ uptake, accumulation, and various methods used
to determine intestinal toxicity were elucidated.