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The Treatment of Condylar Fractures: To Open or not to Open? A Critical Review of This Controversy
Article Number: SIS350698AI201222
20th December, 2022
Author(s):
Renato Valiati1, Danilo Ibrahim1, Marcelo Emir Requia Abreu1, Claiton Heitz2, Rogério Belle de Oliviera2, Rogério Miranda Pagnoncelli2, Daniela Nascimento SILVA2
Abstract:
The treatment of condylar process fractures has generated a great deal of discussion and controversy in oral and
maxillofacial trauma and there are many different methods to treat this injury. For each type of condylar fracture,
the techniques must be chosen taking into consideration the presence of teeth, fracture height, patient’s
adaptation, patient’s masticatory system, disturbance of occlusal function, deviation of the mandible, internal
derangements of the temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) and ankylosis of the joint with resultant inability to move
the jaw, all of which are sequelae of this injury. Many surgeons seem to favor closed treatment with
maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), but in recent years, open treatment of condylar fractures with rigid internal
fixation (RIF) has become more common. The objective of this review was to evaluate the main variables that
determine the choice of method for treatment of condylar fractures: open or closed, pointing out their indications,
contra-indications, advantages and disadvantages.